International Journal of Sustainable Development Goals
The International Journal of Sustainable Development Goals (IJSDG) is a peer-reviewed academic journal committed to advancing research, policy, and innovation in alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As global challenges such as climate change, social inequality, and resource depletion intensify, IJSDG serves as a platform to facilitate interdisciplinary discourse and drive actionable solutions toward sustainable development.
Assessment of Urban Encroachment Using High-Resolution Satellite Imagery and Advanced Change Detection Techniques A Case Study of Lake Maryut, Alexandria, Egypt (2002–2025)
Accurate and up-to-date information on land cover and land use, along with their temporal dynamics, is essential for producing reliable land cover maps and supporting ecosystem monitoring, urban planning, policy development, and resource management. This study assesses land cover changes in Lake Maryut, south of Alexandria, Egypt, from 2002 to 2025, a period marked by significant socio-political shifts following the 2011 revolution. High-resolution QuickBird imagery (0.5 m; 2002–2014) and medium-resolution Sentinel-2 imagery (10 m; 2020–2025) were integrated with topographic maps, remote sensing techniques, and Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis to detect and quantify spatial transformations. Change detection was performed using a post-classification comparison approach supported by cross-tabulation for pixel-based assessment. The results reveal substantial urban encroachment into agricultural land and wastewater infrastructure, contributing to notable environmental pressures on the lake. The lake’s surface area declined from 75.9 km² in 2002 to 69.5 km² in 2014, 67.8 km² in 2020, and 52.9 km² in 2025, amounting to a total loss of approximately 23 km² at an average annual reduction rate of 0.95 km². These findings underscore the pressing need for targeted management strategies to mitigate ongoing environmental degradation and foster sustainable development in the region.
Lake Maryut; Change detection; Cross tabulation; Temporal dynamics; Urbanization
Copyright (c) 2026 Neama Hussen Selim Ali, Mohamed Ezz El Din El Raey (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Charting the Course of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Integration in Romblon State University: A Sustainability-Based Study on Students’ Level of Awareness
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), introduced by the United Nations in 2015, provide a global sustainability framework addressing social, economic, and environmental challenges. As higher education institutions play a vital role in advancing sustainability, this study examines the level of SDG awareness among students at Romblon State University and analyzes its relationship with year level. Using a descriptive-quantitative design and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), data from 2,267 students revealed a high level of SDG awareness, particularly in SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 4 (Quality Education), which were the most visible on campus. Results show that year level significantly predicts SDG awareness (R² = 0.224, p < .001), indicating that awareness improves as students’ progress academically. However, gaps remain in deeper understanding, curriculum integration, and institutional support. The findings highlight the need to strengthen sustainability education through curriculum alignment, targeted awareness programs, and enhanced institutional initiatives. This study contributes to advancing sustainability practices in higher education by providing insights into improving SDG integration and student engagement.
SDG awareness; sustainability education; higher education; structural equation modeling; Philippines
Copyright (c) 2026 Jayson Reeves C. Mani, Dave D. Lota, Gianinna Elaine M. Labicane, Garry Vanz V. Blancia (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Unlocking Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy Transition: A Fuzzy MCDM Assessment of Economic and Environmental Barriers
The shift toward low-carbon energy systems at an international level necessitates new actions to address socio-economic and technical barriers. In this transition, artificial intelligence (AI) plays a main role by enhancing efficiency and decision-making across the entire energy sector. This study applies a fuzzy simple weight calculation (F-SIWEC) method to systematically assess the economic and environmental barriers to unlock AI for sustainable energy transition. Data was collected from four domain experts who evaluated eleven barriers, and the adopted method was then applied to determine the relative importance of each barrier. The findings indicate that the surging energy use associated with AI training and data centers along with the rapid rise in data center electricity demand constitutes the most significant overall barriers. Within the economic dimension, the high cost of AI services emerges as the most critical constraint. The study makes a meaningful contribution to the decision sciences and management literature by offering practical insights for policymakers and concludes by outlining clear avenues for future research.
Artificial intelligence; energy transition; sustainability; barrier; fuzzy decision making approach.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mouhamed Bayane Bouraima (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mapping the Path for Municipal Solid Waste Management in Libya: A Systematic Review towards a Circular Economy
Globally, managing municipal solid waste (MSW) is a major environmental problem, especially in emerging countries where urbanization and population increase are accelerating. This problem is made worse in Libya by inadequate infrastructure, which results in a significant reliance on unsustainable disposal techniques. Based on a review of forty-four publications studies conducted specifically within Libya, this literature review offers a thorough systematic overview of available research on solid waste management in Libya from 2010 to 2025. The study highlights the primary obstacles Libya has in this area, such as the country's fast urbanization, inadequate infrastructure, and reliance on unsustainable methods like uncontrolled landfilling. Although waste-to-energy conversion has been shown to have potential, there are still large implementation and feasibility evaluation gaps in all of the analyzed studies. However, because burning and open dumping still predominate, this potential is still mostly untapped. Public participation, infrastructure investment, and coordinated policies are necessary to fully utilize Waste to Energy (WtE). The findings indicate that the majority of current research concentrates on waste categorization and preliminary analysis (50%) and treatment technology studies (39%), with less attention paid to studies on choosing appropriate landfill locations (11%). This shows that there is a glaring research gap in connecting primary data to real-world applications. In order to enable the creation of a sustainable and successful waste management plan for Libya, the article suggests adopting integrated research that links waste characteristics with suitable treatment technologies and site selection criteria, In order to turn Libya's waste management problem into a chance for sustainable resource management and economic diversification, it is essential to move from a linear disposal model to a circular economy framework, which redefines waste as a resource for material recovery, energy generation, and value retention.
Urban Sustainability; Circular Economy Pathways; Strategic Waste Governance; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Copyright (c) 2026 Zakaria Maafa, Ibrahim Badi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Towards Sustainable Food Choices: Analyzing the Knowledge–Practice Gap in Food Labeling among University-Educated Consumers in Alexandria, Egypt
This study investigates the food labeling knowledge–practice gap to provide actionable insights for advancing Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) among university-educated consumers in urban Egypt. A cross-sectional survey of 306 adult shoppers revealed a pronounced discrepancy: while 51.6% demonstrated good nutritional knowledge, only 26.5% consistently applied it through label use. Key barriers included small font size (66.7%) and complex terminology (19.9%). Knowledge significantly correlated with practice (r = 0.531, p < 0.001), with higher engagement among females, younger adults, and graduates. These results highlight the critical need for policy-driven solutions—such as interpretive front-of-pack labeling and targeted literacy programs—to effectively bridge this gap, thereby promoting sustainable consumer choices and supporting national public health objectives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yomna Ebrahim Elhelbawy, Adel Abd El-Halim Omara, Ebtisam Mohamed Fetohy (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Cost-Effective Instrument for Measuring Total Dissolved Solids, Electrical Conductivity and Turbidity – A Step towards Sustainable Development
Water is an indispensable natural resource which is crucial to the sustenance of human, livestock and plants on the earth surface. It is therefore pertinent to ensure its quality is maintained to acceptable standard. This study presents the design and construction of a cost effective portable instrument for measuring total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and turbidity of water samples. The work was structured under a three-staged framework comprising system design and construction, calibration and performance evaluation. The hardware integrated an Arduino Uno microcontroller, electrical conductivity and turbidity sensors, with a display module. Calibration was conducted using standard buffer solutions prepared using Environmental Protection Agency regulations for total dissolved solids and turbidity. Hexamethylenetetramine was diluted with hydrazine sulphate to produce 4000NTU formazin standard solution which was further diluted to other concentrations for turbidity. Pure sodium chloride was also used to produce 1000ppm and 500ppm standard solutions for total dissolved solids measurement. The calibration was done and the error on the sensors were 0.9% and 0.4% for total dissolved solids 1000ppm and 500ppm respectively, also 12.5% and 5% for turbidity standards of 400NTU and 40NTU respectively. This research fills an important gap in water quality monitoring by providing a cost effective, portable, multi-parameter instrument capable of measuring total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and turbidity in real time. The work contributes to Sustainable Development Goal 6 by providing an accessible tool for real-time water quality assessment, particularly in resource-limited communities. It is a locally reproducible solution for environmental monitoring, public health protection, and community-based water management.
Keywords: Total Dissolved Solids; Electrical Conductivity; Turbidity; Formazin; Sodium Chloridel; Arduino Uno.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ikpa Mba Onwuka, Ani Ozoemena, Gloria Ezenne (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Modified Cultural Awareness Scale: Measuring the Psychometric Properties for Use in Undergraduate Nursing Education in Ireland
Cultural awareness underpins equitable, patient-centered care and is vital for nursing students’ professional development. Existing scales require validation across diverse contexts. This study evaluates the psychometric properties of a Modified Cultural Awareness Scale (mCAS) for undergraduate nursing students in Ireland. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 414 nursing students using an online 32-item mCAS on a 7-point Likert scale. Exploratory factor analyses assessed scale validity, while Cronbach’s alpha tested reliability. Factor analysis confirmed a four-factor structure. The mCAS demonstrated internal consistency and good model fit indices, supporting its validity and reliability. The mCAS can be used as a general tool for assessing cultural awareness in Irish nursing education. Its adoption can support SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 4 (Quality Education), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) by fostering culturally competent practitioners who deliver inclusive care. Future research should explore its use in interprofessional settings and longitudinal outcomes.
Cultural Competence; Cultural Awareness Scale; Nursing Education; Psychometric Validation; Health Equity; Inclusive Learning; Sustainable development goals
Integrating Analytic Hierarchy Process and Parsimonious Preference Information for Socio-Economic Sustainability Assessment in Urban Public Transport
This study integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Parsimonious Preference Information to present a structured multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework for assessing the socio-economic sustainability of public transport systems. Despite extensive research on technical and environmental transport performance, few studies have systematically prioritised socio-economic indicators using expert-based MCDM approaches. This study addresses this gap through a survey of 45 transport experts representing academia, policy, and operations. To determine their relative importance, a total of 21 indicators were first evaluated and normalised. The three most important variables affecting user satisfaction and system effectiveness were found to be Affordability (0.0645), Reliability (0.0625), and Accessibility (0.0621). In contrast, Education Level (0.0147) and Gender (0.0102) were the least prioritised. Pairwise comparisons between representative indicators were performed using the PAHP approach, which was verified by consistency ratio tests. This resulted in reliable final weightings by linear interpolation. The results show a strong emphasis on operational and economic criteria, suggesting potential gaps in stakeholder viewpoints and the need for more inclusive assessment frameworks. The results provide policymakers with practical advice on how to prioritise affordability-focused and user-centred service enhancements in order to increase the social sustainability of urban transport. Future research should incorporate environmental and technical sustainability aspects to develop a thorough evaluation model and address the study's expert-centric scope, context-specificity, and lack of behavioural data.
Public Transport; Sustainability; Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM); Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); Parsimonious Analytic Hierarchy Process (PAHP); Socio-economic Indicators.
Digital Ethics as a Preventive Framework for Combating Digital Drug Addiction ''An Analytical Study within the Cyberspace Environment''
In today's digital age marked by rapid technological change and the remarkable growth of Artificial Intelligence, digital technologies have become deeply integrated into people's daily lives across different societies. Although these technologies were initially created to improve human well-being and advance social progress, their misuse by certain groups has resulted in negative and ethically troubling outcomes. One of the most concerning examples of such misuse is the emergence of digital drugs—auditory or visual stimuli that produce psycho-physiological effects similar to those of traditional narcotics. Even though they are intangible, digital drugs carry risks comparable to those of physical substances, especially when there is a lack of moral discipline, digital responsibility, and social accountability. In this context, the current study aims to explore how digital ethics can serve as a preventive framework to reduce the dangers of digital drug addiction and encourage responsible digital conduct within the larger social and behavioral landscape sciences.
Digital Ethics, Psychoactive Substances, Digital Drugs, Digital Addiction, Cybercrime.
Strategic Green Human Resource Management for Sustainable Transformation: Advancing Sustainable Development Goals through Innovation driven Workforce Practices
In today’s global landscape, organizations face increasing pressure to align their strategies with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by promoting environmental responsibility, social equity, and sustainable economic growth. Green Human Resource Management plays a vital role in this transition by integrating sustainability principles into core HR functions. This conceptual study explores how Green Hiring, Green Training and Involvement, and Green Performance Management serve as catalysts for sustainable organizational performance through the mediating effect of Green Innovation. Based on existing literature, the study emphasizes how these practices foster environmentally conscious employees, strengthen a culture of innovation, and boost long-term organizational resilience. It also shows that GHRM directly supports the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs), especially SDG 8, which focuses on decent work and economic growth; SDG 12, which encourages responsible consumption and production; and SDG 13, which calls for urgent climate action—by cultivating sustainable work environments, environmentally responsible practices, and innovation-driven growth. By aligning HR policies with global sustainability frameworks, organizations can enhance accountability, increase employee engagement, and contribute significantly to the broader sustainability efforts.
Green Human Resource Management; Green Innovation; Sustainable Performance; Green Hiring; Green Training and Involvement; Green Performance Management; Sustainability; Employee Engagement; Organizational Development; United Nations Sustainable Goals
Bridging Inequality: Contemporary Challenges to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals Across and Within Nations
Reducing inequality within and among countries is central to the 2030 Agenda, yet progress has slowed and, in some areas, reversed. This article examines current challenges that complicate the pursuit of SDG 10 and proposes policy directions that are empirically based and people centered. The challenge is double-pronged: the persistent within-country income and opportunity disparities and differences in progress among countries, both aggravated by recent shocks and structural headwinds. The aim is to synthesize evidence concerning current barriers of significance; macroeconomic stagnation and debt distress, the multi-dimensional digital divide and differences in AI diffusion, fiscal under-capacity and weak redistribution, spatial and demographic inequalities, and the under-representation of developing countries in global governance; and surfaces practical levers capable of bridging these gaps. Minutes and methodology, a narrative, policy-oriented review of peer-reviewed research and authoritative international reports, mostly dated between 2022 and 2025, is conducted, complemented with illustrative examples. Principal outcomes indicate five cross-cutting domains of challenge: (i) slower growing and shocks repeated which disproportionately impact the lower 40 percent, (ii) digital access, skills and uses which widen outcome differentials, especially for learners, workers and small firms, (iii) fiscal systems constrained and often regressive limiting redistributive effort and resilience, (iv) spatial, gender and age inequalities compounding disadvantage and (v) governance differences which impede fair voice and allocation of resources. Major conclusions fix upon an integrated policy mix – progressive and efficient taxation allied to social protection and universal basic services, digital inclusion beyond access which guarantees meaningful use, pro-poor, climate-resilient investment and reforms enabling enlargement of inclusion in settings of international rules.
SDG 10; Global and Within-Country Inequality; Digital Divide; Fiscal Policy; Social Protection; Inclusive Governance.
A Proposed Vision for Re-Engineering Educational Policies in the Faculty of Education in light of Nafee Model (6/3) to Achieve Sustainable Development and Institutional Change
This research aimed to propose a vision for reengineering educational policies at the Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, based on Nafee (6/3) model to integrate the principles of sustainable development (environmental, economic, and social) and ensure sustainable institutional change that supports the quality of education and the graduation of a generation capable of developing society. The research problem lies in the shortcomings of current policies and their failure to keep pace with the rapid developments in university education. The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach, and the research sample included faculty members, academic leaders, and administrators. Data was collected through a questionnaire and structured interviews. The results showed that adopting Nafee model (its stages: abandonment, adoption, adaptation, excellence, competition, and digital transformation) enhances the effectiveness of educational policies through gradual stages and consolidates participatory leadership and continuous communication. It also improves the faculty's adaptability, educational quality, and employee satisfaction, and achieves sustainable institutional development. The research recommends disseminating the model and developing its implementation and monitoring mechanisms in other educational institutions.
Reengineering Educational Policies; Institutional Change Management; Nafee (6/3) model; Educational Policies; Quality of Education; Sustainable Development.
Integrating Multi-Criteria Decision-Making and Geographic Information Systems in Landfill Site Selection: A Comprehensive Review
Landfilling is one of the most affordable and appropriate ways to dispose of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). However, because it depends on social, environmental, technical, economic, and legal aspects, deciding where to put landfills is a challenging and complex undertaking. Over the years, professionals have investigated and used the Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) combinations to address the aforementioned landfill site appropriateness study difficulties. The high quantity of scholarly papers that have been announced for the foreseeable future makes this fact clear. A state-of-the-art of current studies is essential for guiding colleagues and providing a context of the available literature. Reviewing all scholarly publications on GIS-based MCDM modelling for landfill site suitability evaluations is the aim of this project. We have compiled and surveyed 115 studies that were published between 2014 and 2024. A developed taxonomy that includes the following categories—GIS software, application area, uncertainty, MCDM approaches, cell sizes in GIS, and criteria—is then used to examine and categorize the studies. The most popular MCDM techniques for weighting the criteria and ranking the alternatives are the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Logic. In contrast, the Environmental dimension is the most frequently favoured primary criterion, and criteria analysis reveals that surface and ground water, geology, among other criteria groups, the most often utilized ones include land use, distance to a fault zone, distance to an urban region, and distance to a road and slope. In addition to offering insights for upcoming modelling and research initiatives in the subject, these classifications and observations are useful for locating study gaps in the existing literature.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW); Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM); Geographic Information System (GIS); Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP); Weighted Linear Combination (WLC); fuzzy logic; landfill site selection
Energy and environmental performances in the buildings with sustainable and green architectures: A critical review
Nature serves a valuable source of learning for humans, particularly inspiring architectural design. Architecture as an interdisciplinary field has been influenced by various natural science topics. Also, to respond to the growing environmental challenges, the use of nature's position in architecture and the building industry has received extensive attention. In this review paper, in the first stage, the concept of nature, the effect of nature forms on sustainability and its relationship with humans are examined and their reflection in nature-based architectures is expressed. In the second stage, the concept of designs and architectures inspired from nature and biology, design methods of these types of architecture and ways to achieve the goals of sustainable and green architectures have been thoroughly reviewed. In the third stage, we analyse the advantages and disadvantages of these designs and architectures, focusing on energy efficiency, well-being, thermal comfort, and characteristics of sustainable architecture. Finally, solutions are proposed to achieve energy reduction and increase thermal comfort in nature-based architectures.
Nature-based architecture; Bio morphological design; Biomimicry architecture; Biophilic design; Sustainability; Energy efficiency; Thermal comfort
Sustainable Recycling of Vehicle Lubricant and Engine Oils for Environmental Protection
The rapid expansion of the global automotive industry has led to increased consumption of vehicle lubricant and engine oils, generating significant quantities of used lubricant oils (ULOs) annually. In many developing countries, improper disposal practice, such as dumping used oils into the sewage system pose severe environmental and public health threats, including water pollution and carcinogenic risks. This study explores a sustainable approach to managing and recycling ULOs within a circular economy framework. It highlights environmentally responsible technologies that enable the transformation of waste oils into valuable products such as re-refined lubricant oils, diesel-like fuels, light gases, and asphalt-like residues. By diverting hazardous waste from landfills and waterways, this recycling process not only reduces ecological damage but also supports resource efficiency and energy recovery. With the advancement of catalytic, thermal, and solvent-based methods, and support from environmental policies, nations can turn hazardous waste into economic opportunity. This contributes directly to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in environmental protection, industrial innovation, and public health.
Sustainable Waste Management; Vehicle Oil Recycling; Environmental Protection; Circular Economy; Engine Oil Re-refining; Sustainable Industrial Practices
Gender and Justice in Egyptian History Textbooks: Sustainable Development Goals and Human Rights Perspectives
This study explores how Egyptian secondary school history textbooks represent gender and justice, in light of Sustainable Development Goal 4.7 and human rights values. It highlights the dominance of male-cantered narratives and the marginalization of women and diverse voices, which undermines inclusive and sustainable education. Using qualitative content and discourse analysis of textbooks for grades 10–12 (2024/2025), the study finds limited female representation and a narrow view of justice framed by nationalism and authority. It concludes that current textbooks reinforce traditional hierarchies and fall short of promoting gender equity, critical citizenship, and education for sustainable development.
Gender Representation; History Education; Educational Justice; Sustainable Development Goals; Education for Sustainable Development.
An examination of green building development in China from the perspective of employees
Although China's construction industry has seen rapid growth and expansion, it has simultaneously exhausted natural resources and obstructed initiatives aimed at fostering a more sustainable economy and society. Green buildings (GBs) are an innovative concept that may address this problem. Green buildings not only contribute to environmental conservation and energy efficiency, but they also improve quality of life by reducing administrative and operational expenses over time. Notwithstanding the achievements of GBs growth in China, there are unresolved enquiries that want clarification. This research examines the expansion of GBs in China from the perspective of construction employees, exploring their perceptions and sentiments on GBs. Employees of construction firms centered on Great Britain are questioned via a questionnaire. This audience offers a comprehensive perspective on contemporary GB development, since they are actively engaged in the design, construction, and management of GBs. Employees of ten prominent Chinese construction companies in Shanghai, the nation's most populated city, completed a total of 200 questions. They are occupying several different work roles, including designers, engineers, sales representatives, and managers. The 20 questions include several subjects, including profiling, the current status of GBs in China, and their forecasts and recommendations for the future of GB growth. The study findings, derived from 178 valid questionnaires, indicate that construction industry workers are optimistic about the strategic objectives of GBs and possess a solid understanding of the concept and its practical implementations. Construction sector workers today encounter elevated expectations and see a significant transformation in the nature and scope of their roles due to the many changes required by the transition from traditional to sustainable structures. Maintaining compliance with the ever-evolving laws and evaluation criteria for GBs is an additional burden. Simultaneously, the construction industry must consistently modify its protocols for risk assessment, management systems, and interdepartmental coordination when executing GB projects. The Chinese government, corporate entities, and other stakeholders must collaborate to advance GBs nationwide. In the future, China's construction industry will be guided by sustainable development laws, which will undoubtedly result in green buildings.
Green buildings; Sustainable development; Green building technology; Construction management
A Complex Fuzzy MAGDM Framework for Sustainable Gold Mining using Hamacher Aggregation Operators
Cleaner Production (CP) is widely recognized as a key strategy for balancing environmental protection with economic development in industrial sectors, including gold mining. In this study, we propose a novel multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) model based on Complex 𝑝,𝑞-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets (Cp,զ-ℛՕFՏs) and Hamacher Aggregation Operators (HAOs) to evaluate sustainability-driven decisions in gold mining operations. The model captures the complex and uncertain nature of expert assessments using complex-valued membership structures and flexible aggregation processes. To demonstrate the model’s practical utility, a real-world-inspired case study involving the evaluation of five cleaner production alternatives in a gold mining scenario is conducted. These alternatives are assessed based on environmental, economic, and technical criteria. The proposed framework effectively aggregates expert opinions under uncertainty, and a detailed comparative and sensitivity analysis validates the robustness and precision of the method. Results show that the model supports informed and sustainable decision-making in mining practices, offering a promising tool for industries seeking to implement CP under uncertain and complex conditions.
Complex p,զ-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets; Hamacher Aggregation Operators; MAGDM; Sustainable Mining; Fuzzy Decision-Making
Designing Sustainable and Energy-Efficient Buildings through Biomorphic and Climatic Architectural Strategies
The urgent need for sustainable, energy-efficient, and environmentally responsive buildings has intensified in the face of global climate challenges. This study presents an integrative architectural approach that synthesizes biomorphic and climatic design principles to create energy-efficient structures with minimal ecological impact. A hotel building—serving both residential and recreational functions—is proposed as a case study to demonstrate this dual methodology. The biomorphic design draws inspiration from the growth patterns and natural geometries of trees, incorporating tree trunk cross-sections and bamboo as central elements in both structural planning and façade articulation. Complementarily, climatic design strategies integrate vernacular elements such as shaded porches, internal courtyards, elevated foundations, and regionally appropriate materials to enhance thermal performance. These features promote natural ventilation, reduce reliance on artificial heating and cooling systems, and improve daylight utilization, thereby lowering energy consumption and environmental impact. The resulting architectural framework underscores the potential of bio-inspired and climate-adaptive design strategies in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. It offers a replicable model for architects and policymakers seeking to develop resilient and livable built environments in a warming world.
Biomorphic architecture; Climatic design strategies; Sustainable building systems; Passive energy efficiency; Thermal comfort; Environmental architecture; Sustainable Development Goals
Advancing Aviation Safety and Sustainable Infrastructure: High-Accuracy Detection and Classification of Foreign Object Debris Using Deep Learning Models
Foreign Object Debris (FOD) presents a critical threat to aviation safety, with the potential to damage aircraft and jeopardize lives. This study explores the use of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) for the precise detection and classification of FOD, aiming to transform existing prevention strategies. By employing models such as Xception and YOLOv8, the system achieved detection accuracies of up to 98% on diverse datasets. The integration of AI-based approaches significantly enhances operational efficiency, contributing directly to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure, by promoting smart, safe, and sustainable aviation systems. The findings highlight the pivotal role of innovation in strengthening critical transportation infrastructure and ensuring resilient airport operations aligned with global development goals.
Deep Learning; YOLOv8; Foreign Object Debris (FOD); Material Classification; CNN; Aviation Safety; Artificial Intelligence; Sustainable Development Goal 9; Infrastructure Innovation
Stress Field Characterization in Rotating Anisotropic Polypropylene Cylinders: Analytical Modeling and SVR Validation
In this study, the elastic stress distribution in a rotating cylinder composed of polypropylene (PP) material was investigated using analytical formulations and parametric evaluations. Tangential and radial stresses, as well as radial displacements, were calculated under varying anisotropy parameters to observe their influence on the mechanical behavior. The stress components were derived by incorporating both elastic and centrifugal effects under steady-state rotational motion. The results were evaluated in terms of the Von Mises yield criterion to identify critical stress zones. Graphical representations of stress and displacement distributions were presented for different anisotropy levels. An equilibrium check was also conducted to verify the accuracy of the stress fields. To enhance reliability, the analytically obtained radial stress values were also validated using Support Vector Regression (SVR), demonstrating strong agreement and underscoring the potential of machine learning techniques in predicting complex stress distributions. The study highlights that increasing rotational speed leads to a rise in tangential stress while the radial stress tends to decrease near the boundaries. These findings underline the importance of considering anisotropic behaviour in polymer-based rotating systems. Moreover, the implemented framework demonstrates the potential integration of computational and analytical approaches for stress prediction in engineering-grade thermoplastic materials.
Stress analysis; Support Vector Regression; Artificial Intelligent
Evaluation of Nigeria’s Sustainable Development Goals Agenda 2030 using mathematical programming
It is impossible to overstate the importance of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to every society. Connecting economic, social, and environmental sustainability, the SDGs have 17 interconnected goals with 269 target indicators. To achieve the SDGs cost-effectively and efficiently, decision-makers (DM) and policymakers seek rigorous and robust decision-making tools like optimization modelling. This study considering the disruption of COVID-19 on the economic and sustainability issues globally, assessed the trend and progress associated with the SDGs target of Nigeria. The research utilized quantitative and qualitative data on critical factors such as Nigerian growth domestic product (GDP), power consumption by economic contributing sectors, employment, and greenhouse gas emissions, and considered in the modelling. The findings indicated areas where the authorities are performing well and where it needs to assert more effort strategically to address the country’s economic challenges for socioeconomic growth and sustainability. The concept of the study can be replicated in other countries with some slight modification in the modeling and problem formulation. Future scope can explore the African vision 2040, using different concept.
Sustainable Development Goals; Societal Sustainability; Goal Programming; COVID-19; Nigeria Vision 2030
Advancing Sustainable Logistics and Transport Systems in Free Trade Zones: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Strategic Sustainable Development
Efficient and sustainable logistics and transportation systems are essential for the success of Free Trade Zones (FTZs), especially in developing regions striving to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Libya, due to its strategic Mediterranean location and proximity to landlocked African nations, presents a strong case for establishing itself as a regional logistics gateway through the Misurata Free Zone (MFZ). This study proposes an integrated Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) model to support SDG-aligned logistics and infrastructure development in MFZ. The Fuzzy Simple Weight Calculation (F-SEWIC) method was used to prioritize seven sustainability-focused criteria, including environmental impact, resilience, economic feasibility, and stakeholder inclusiveness. The Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS) method was then applied to assess six strategic development alternatives. Results identified the implementation of a digital cargo tracking platform as the most impactful and sustainable option, followed by the development of green logistics parks and coordinated trucking systems. This research provides a transparent and replicable decision-support model to aid governments, stakeholders, and international development organizations in planning FTZ logistics systems that are efficient, inclusive, and environmentally responsible—supporting SDG 9, SDG 11, and SDG 17.
Free trade zones; Sustainable logistics; Multi-Criteria Decision-Making; MARCOS; Fuzzy Simple Weight Calculation; Sustainable Development Goals.
A Critical Estimation of Ideological and Political Education for Sustainable Development Goals Using an Advanced Decision-Making Model Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Z-Numbers
Ideological and political education plays a critical role in fostering informed, responsible, and ethically grounded citizens, directly contributing to Sustainable Development Goals such as Quality Education (SDG 4) and Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions (SDG 16). However, evaluating the educational strategies in this domain often involve complex, uncertain, and subjective judgments. To address this challenge, this study introduces a robust multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) framework leveraging Intuitionistic Fuzzy Z-Numbers (IFZNs), which effectively handle ambiguity and reliability in human evaluations. We propose novel mathematical operations using triperidol intuitionistic fuzzy weighted average operators to aggregate IFZNs under both restriction and reliability components. This framework enhances transparency, inclusivity, and objectivity in policy and curriculum design. A real-world application is demonstrated through a case study that evaluates advanced educational strategies based on diverse attribute information such as accessibility, ethical alignment, critical thinking enhancement, and social impact. Comparative analysis confirms the model's superiority over conventional MADM techniques. This work concludes with insights on implementation, limitations, and directions for future interdisciplinary research, supporting broader agenda of sustainable, inclusive, and values-based education systems.
Intuitionistic fuzzy set; Z-numbers; Intuitionistic fuzzy Z-numbers; multi-attribute decision-making; Ideological and political education; Sustainable development goals.
Socio-technical Transitions for Sustainable Mobility in Cities: Taking Stock, Looking Ahead
Socio-technical transitions in mobility and transport are complex processes. They involve the transformation of entire mobility systems, including technologies, infrastructures, regulations, and social practices. A significant socio-technical transition has been going on in mobility over the last decades with major trends including the shift to electric vehicles (EVs), the development of connected and automated vehicles (CAV), and the shift to sustainable mobility including public transport, cycling, and walking. These transitions are not just about technological innovations but also involve changes in policies, market structures, and social practices. They require coordinated efforts from various stakeholders, including governments, businesses, and civil society. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the development and progress of socio-technical transition framework in the area of mobility over the last decades, with a special emphasis on the multi-level perspective. The paper also reviews the conceptual underpinnings, current issues, and future research areas with regards to socio-technical transitions for mobility.
Sustainable urban mobility; sustainable cities and communities; sustainable development goals; socio-technical transition; mobility transitions; multi-level perspective; sustainability transitions
Assessing Critical Road Hazard Factors for Sustainable Development in Cities
Improving road safety is essential for building sustainable and resilient urban infrastructure, in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aims to support sustainable transport policy by evaluating the impact of critical factors on road hazards using an efficient decision-making model. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was applied to manage ambiguity and uncertainty inherent in expert evaluations. A real-world decision-making scenario was analyzed, focusing on factors influencing road safety. The FAHP results for the first level identified "Adverse Geometric Condition" as the most significant factor contributing to road hazards (weight: 0.6811), while "Poor Road Surface Condition" was the least impactful (weight: 0.1332). At the second level, "Improper Road Width" emerged as the top sub-factor (weight: 0.2557), whereas "Excessive Potholes" ranked lowest (weight: 0.0129). These findings provide a structured and data-driven foundation for policymakers to prioritize interventions that promote safer, more sustainable transportation systems.
Sustainable Development Goals; Road Safety; Road Hazards; Fuzzy Sets; Multi-Criteria Decision-Making